Zionist Militias

It was established in 1902 by the World Zionist Organization and served as the primary financial engine of Jewish settlement. It later became the first national bank in the territory occupied in 1948, and subsequently became Bank Leumi.

An intelligence agency with its operations focused outside Israel’s borders. The agency’s activities center on three main areas: Intelligence gathering: Collecting information on political, social, military, and security matters from around the world. Special operations: Conducting “special operations” outside Israel. In this context, the Mossad has carried out a large number of assassinations. Research and assessment: Analyzing and evaluating the information and data collect

The Irgun (Etzel) was founded by Ze’ev Vladimir Jabotinsky and others. Its name means “The National Military Organization” in Arabic and Irgun Tsvai Leumi in Hebrew, abbreviated as Etzel. It was a Jewish-Zionist paramilitary organization that broke away from the Haganah and was established by the Zionist Revisionist movement in 1931. Its emblem featured a map of Palestine and Jordan with a rifle superimposed on it, surrounded by the words “Rak Kach” (“Only Thus”). The organiz

Ze’ev Jabotinsky and Pinhas Rutenberg established the Haganah military organization in June 1920 in Jerusalem, during a conference of the Ahdut HaAvoda Party. It was a Jewish-Zionist paramilitary organization and is considered an extension of the Hashomer organization, which had failed to confront the rise of the Palestinian national movement and subsequently announced its dissolution. The Haganah recruited approximately 300–400 Jewish settlers and volunteers. Its mission was

Correspondence Between Hitler’s Government and Yitzhak Shamir In late 1940, after concluding that there were shared interests between the objectives of the emerging Nazi regime and Jewish nationalist aspirations, the Lehi organization proposed forming an alliance with Nazi Germany during World War II. The organization offered cooperation on the following terms: Lehi would revolt against the British, while Germany would recognize the establishment of an independent Jewish stat

The Irgun (Etzel), an abbreviation of its Hebrew name Ha-Irgun Ha-Tzva'i Ha-Leumi (The National Military Organization), was formed following the secession of the Revisionist faction from the Haganah in late April 1937. The organization believed in the need to build a military force to protect and expand the Zionist project. It became known for bank robberies, including the Workers’ Bank affiliated with the Histadrut labor organization. It also carried out numerous killings an

The Hashomer Organization, meaning “The Watchman,” was established on April 2, 1909, by members of the secret Bar-Giora Organization. They gathered in the colony of Kfar Tavor (Mes'ha Village) in the District of Tiberias and decided to operate openly. Its purpose was to protect Jewish settlements in Palestine and provide its guards with the necessary training. Hashomer obtained the required authorization from the authorities in Tiberias after the Jewish Colonization Associati

The secret Bar-Giora group was established on September 29, 1907, when Jewish immigrants who had arrived in Palestine during the Second Aliyah gathered at the home of Yitzhak Ben-Zvi in Jaffa. Ben-Zvi would later be elected the second president of the State of Israel in 1952. They founded a secret paramilitary group called Bar-Giora, named after a Jewish leader who, according to the Hebrew narrative, participated in the revolt against the Romans in the first century. The grou