Ramat Ef'al Settlement

Ramat Ef'al is a neighborhood belonging to the city of Ramat Gan in central occupied Palestine. It was merged in 2007 into the Ramat Gan municipality, alongside Kfar Azar. It was initially planned as an urban kibbutz, and was established on about 250 dunams of agricultural land acquired by the Jewish National Fund near Kfar Azar. It was founded in 1969 on the lands of the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Khayriyya in the Jaffa area, and the site was the scene of one of the first confrontations of the 1948 war. The first residents arrived in May 1947, and on 4 December 1947 the place was attacked by between 120 and 150 Palestinian fighters from the nearby village of Salama; the defenders, among them members of the Palmach, managed to repel the attack. After the 1948 war, the site expanded through the seizure of about 1,000 additional dunams.

Despite its economic stability, internal disputes arose between those who worked in agriculture and those who took up work in the city. The split within the "HaKibbutz HaMeuchad" movement also contributed to weakening the project, leading a large number of residents to leave. In 1952, it was decided to dissolve the kibbutz.

After its dismantlement, a plan was proposed to establish a residential neighborhood housing about 400 immigrants from the United States, but the project was never carried out, and the site later became a residential neighborhood belonging to Ramat Gan.

During the First Intifada, in 1992, Israeli police arrested three members of Hamas in Ramat Ef'al after a chase, and an explosive device was found in their vehicle. Investigations later revealed the identity of its maker as Yahya Ayyash, known as "the Engineer," and this was the first device of his design.

Sources:Due to the scarcity of Arabic sources, the following Hebrew sources were relied upon:

• The settlement's official website

• Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics

• Information on the village of al-Khayriyya from the website.